A free guide to Russian documents

What has to be done with your document so another country accepts it

A few fields and you have the chain of steps: which authority, which address, what fee, how long. No sign-up. Every figure with a link to its source.

ApostilleConsular legalisationNo legalisation under a treaty
Free, with no sign-up and no email. Every figure carries a link to its source and the date it was checked.
Three regimes, not two

Russia has three answers, and the third is the one people miss

English-language guides usually list two outcomes: apostille or legalisation. For Russian documents there is a third: countries with which a treaty on legal assistance is in force. There the document travels without any stamp, yet people still pay the fee and lose a fortnight.

The short version

What an apostille is and when you need one

An apostille is a stamp by which a state confirms that a document is genuine: the signature belongs to the person named, the seal belongs to the authority, and the signatory was entitled to sign. It does not check what the document says and does not translate it. The rule comes from the Hague Convention of 1961: the member states agreed to accept each other's documents with a single stamp instead of a chain of approvals.

What your document needs depends on the destination country, not on the kind of document. Of the 196 countries and territories in our reference, 109 accept an apostille, 65 require consular legalisation, and with 22 Russia has a legal assistance treaty under which the document is accepted with no stamp at all. Every country page gives the date it joined the convention and a link to the source.

What an apostille is · Country reference

Apostille or consular legalisation: the difference

An apostille is affixed by a single authority in the country where the document was issued, and that is the end of it. Consular legalisation has three links: the Russian Ministry of Justice, then the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, then the destination country's consulate. Each link has its own fee and its own waiting time, and the consulate often asks for the translation in advance.

There is a third case: countries with which Russia has a legal assistance treaty — Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia and a few others. Formally the document must be accepted without a stamp. In practice offices often ask for an apostille, and an apostille is always accepted, so the route is built with it and the steps say plainly when the stamp can be skipped.

Consular legalisation · Countries with no legalisation

Where an apostille is affixed in Russia and what it costs

The authority depends on who issued the document. Certificates of birth, marriage, divorce and change of name are apostilled by the civil registry of the region that issued them — your place of residence will not do it. Educational documents go to the regional education authority, a police clearance certificate to the information centre of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and notarial documents and notarised copies to the regional branch of the Ministry of Justice.

The state fee is RUB 2,500 per document (Article 333.33(1)(48) of the Tax Code), paid in advance, with the receipt attached to the application. The regulations give one to five working days, and longer if the authority has to query an archive. Addresses, opening hours and phone numbers of 166 authorities are collected in the «Where to apply» section, each with a link to its source and the date we checked it.

Where to obtain an apostille · Documents

A document issued outside Russia

Russian authorities apostille Russian documents only: under Article 3 of the convention the stamp is affixed by the state in which the document was executed. A foreign document is apostilled where it was issued, and here it remains to be translated and the translation certified by a notary. A Soviet-era document is a separate case: it is obtained again where the record is kept, and the same state affixes the apostille.

The document is not in your hands

How we check

Every figure with a source and a date

The regime for each country comes from the status table of the Hague Conference and the list of treaties held by the Ministry of Justice. Fees come from the Tax Code, timescales from the authorities' own regulations. If a field has not been checked for more than two quarters, the page says so plainly.

196countries with a regime and a date
16types of document with authority, fee and timescale
166authorities with addresses and opening hours
10city pages
If you would rather not do it yourself

We handle it end to end and return it by courier

Notarised translation, copies, apostille at every Moscow authority, consular legalisation. A CDEK courier collects the original anywhere in Russia and we return the finished document with a tracking number. You pay step by step once a manager has confirmed the scope and the price.

Terms and refunds

Frequently asked questions

How much does an apostille cost in Russia?
The state fee for affixing an apostille is RUB 2,500 per document (Tax Code art. 333.33(1)(48) as at the date checked). It is paid to the authority and is not refunded if the application is refused. Agency services, if you ask us to handle the submission, are shown as a separate line in the route.
How long does an apostille take?
Under the regulations civil registry offices affix an apostille in one to five working days, the Ministry of Justice in three to five, education authorities in up to forty-five working days where they have to write to the university, and the Ministry of Internal Affairs in up to thirty. The route works out the exact range for your document step by step and shows delivery time separately.
Is an apostille needed for Kazakhstan, Belarus or Armenia?
No. The Minsk Convention of 1993 on legal assistance applies to these countries: Russian public documents are accepted without an apostille or legalisation. A particular institution may ask for a translation into the state language; Russian is in official use there.
Does the apostille go on the original or on the translation?
It depends on the country. Germany, Italy and France accept an apostille on the original and require a sworn translation once the document arrives. Some countries accept an apostille on a notarised copy, others ask for a second apostille on the translation. The route shows this first, because this is where people most often go wrong.
What if the document is laminated, lost or on a Soviet form?
No apostille will be affixed: the stamp goes only on an original of the established form and in good condition. The document has to be obtained afresh, and that changes the geography: a duplicate certificate is issued by whichever civil registry office you name in the request, and the apostille is then affixed by the region that issued the duplicate. The page on getting a replacement document sets this out with references to the legislation.
Can an apostille be affixed to a certificate issued in another region?
Not to the original of a civil status certificate: only the region that issued it can do that, so Moscow will not apostille a certificate issued in Novosibirsk. The way round it, for countries that accept an apostille on a copy, is a notarised copy apostilled by the Ministry of Justice in any region. The city pages show both routes.